WinUI 3 C++ 控件篇-List & Collection Views

下面要介绍的是一些用来显示多个项目的视图,经常用来呈现多条数据,显示一个列表,或者显示一个网格或者表格的布局。

控件介绍
ListView纵向虚拟化列表
ListViewItemListView 列表项
GridView网格卡片视图(九宫格 / 图片卡片)
GridViewItemGridView 网格项
ItemsRepeater自定义高性能重复项容器
ItemsStackPanel虚拟化纵向布局面板
ItemsWrapGrid虚拟化自动换行网格面板
LinedFlowLayout流式图文排版布局

XAML中添加控件

首先修改xaml中,如果你的页面不是window,可以参考

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Window
    x:Class="AppWinui.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:AppWinui"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d"
    Title="AppWinui">

    <ScrollViewer VerticalScrollMode="Auto" Padding="16" Background="#F7F8FA">
        <StackPanel Spacing="36">
            <!-- 1. ListView + ListViewItem + ItemsStackPanel -->
            <StackPanel>
                <TextBlock Text="1. ListView (ItemsStackPanel)" FontSize="17" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                <ListView Height="180" Margin="0 8 0 0">
                    <ListView.ItemsPanel>
                        <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                            <ItemsStackPanel/>
                        </ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    </ListView.ItemsPanel>

                    <ListViewItem Background="White" Padding="10">
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="10">
                            <Ellipse Width="36" Height="36" Fill="#4285F4"/>
                            <TextBlock Text="Item One" FontSize="15" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </ListViewItem>
                    <ListViewItem Background="White" Padding="10">
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="10">
                            <Ellipse Width="36" Height="36" Fill="#EA4335"/>
                            <TextBlock Text="Item Two" FontSize="15" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </ListViewItem>
                    <ListViewItem Background="White" Padding="10">
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="10">
                            <Ellipse Width="36" Height="36" Fill="#FBBC05"/>
                            <TextBlock Text="Item Three" FontSize="15" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </ListViewItem>
                </ListView>
            </StackPanel>

            <!-- 2. GridView + GridViewItem + ItemsWrapGrid  -->
            <StackPanel>
                <TextBlock Text="2. GridView (ItemsWrapGrid)" FontSize="17" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                <GridView Height="220" Margin="0 8 0 0">
                    <GridView.ItemsPanel>
                        <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                            <ItemsWrapGrid ItemWidth="120" ItemHeight="140"/>
                        </ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    </GridView.ItemsPanel>

                    <GridViewItem Margin="4" Background="White" CornerRadius="6" Padding="8">
                        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Spacing="6">
                            <Rectangle Width="70" Height="70" Fill="#FF7A7A" />
                            <TextBlock Text="Tile 1" FontSize="14"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </GridViewItem>
                    <GridViewItem Margin="4" Background="White" CornerRadius="6" Padding="8">
                        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Spacing="6">
                            <Rectangle Width="70" Height="70" Fill="#48CFC0" />
                            <TextBlock Text="Tile 2" FontSize="14"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </GridViewItem>
                    <GridViewItem Margin="4" Background="White" CornerRadius="6" Padding="8">
                        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Spacing="6">
                            <Rectangle Width="70" Height="70" Fill="#FFD470" />
                            <TextBlock Text="Tile 3" FontSize="14"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </GridViewItem>
                    <GridViewItem Margin="4" Background="White" CornerRadius="6" Padding="8">
                        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Spacing="6">
                            <Rectangle Width="70" Height="70" Fill="#8A3797" />
                            <TextBlock Text="Tile 4" FontSize="14"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </GridViewItem>
                </GridView>
            </StackPanel>

            <!-- 3. ItemsRepeater + StackLayout (ItemsStackPanel)  -->
            <StackPanel>
                <TextBlock Text="3. ItemsRepeater - StackLayout" FontSize="17" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                <ItemsRepeater Height="160" Margin="0 8 0 0" ItemsSource="{x:Bind ListData}">
                    <ItemsRepeater.Layout>
                        <StackLayout/>
                    </ItemsRepeater.Layout>
                    <ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                        <DataTemplate x:DataType="x:String">
                            <Border Background="White" Margin="3" Padding="8" CornerRadius="5">
                                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="8">
                                    <FontIcon Glyph="&#xE700;" FontSize="22" Foreground="#0078D4"/>
                                    <TextBlock Text="{x:Bind}" FontSize="15" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                                </StackPanel>
                            </Border>
                        </DataTemplate>
                    </ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                </ItemsRepeater>
            </StackPanel>

            <!-- 4. ItemsRepeater + ItemsWrapGrid  -->
            <StackPanel>
                <TextBlock Text="4. ItemsRepeater + ItemsWrapGrid Panel" FontSize="17" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                <ItemsRepeater Height="200" Margin="0 8 0 0" ItemsSource="{x:Bind GridData}">
                    <ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                        <DataTemplate x:DataType="x:String">
                            <Border Background="#EFF5FF" Margin="4" CornerRadius="6">
                                <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Spacing="4">
                                    <FontIcon Glyph="&#xE80F;" FontSize="28" Foreground="#2463EB"/>
                                    <TextBlock Text="{x:Bind}" FontSize="13"/>
                                </StackPanel>
                            </Border>
                        </DataTemplate>
                    </ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                </ItemsRepeater>
            </StackPanel>

            <!-- 5. ItemsRepeater + LinedFlowLayout  -->
            <StackPanel>
                <TextBlock Text="5. ItemsRepeater - LinedFlowLayout" FontSize="17" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                <ItemsRepeater Height="240" Margin="0 8 0 0" ItemsSource="{x:Bind FlowData}">
                    <ItemsRepeater.Layout>
                        <LinedFlowLayout LineHeight="80"/>
                    </ItemsRepeater.Layout>
                    <ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                        <DataTemplate x:DataType="x:String">
                            <Border Background="White" Padding="10" Margin="3" CornerRadius="5" BorderBrush="#E0E2E6" BorderThickness="1">
                                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="8">
                                    <Rectangle Width="50" Height="50" Fill="#10B981"/>
                                    <TextBlock Text="{x:Bind}" FontSize="13" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                                </StackPanel>
                            </Border>
                        </DataTemplate>
                    </ItemsRepeater.ItemTemplate>
                </ItemsRepeater>
            </StackPanel>
        </StackPanel>
    </ScrollViewer>

</Window>
Code language: C++ (cpp)

上面使用到了ItemsSource来绑定数据源,数据来后台构建,例如 ItemsSource=”{x:Bind FlowData}”

IDL中增加属性

增加三个绑定属性,ListData、GridData、FlowData

namespace AppWinui
{
    [default_interface]
    runtimeclass MainWindow : Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Window
    {
        MainWindow();
        Int32 MyProperty;

        Windows.Foundation.Collections.IObservableVector<String> ListData{ get; };
        Windows.Foundation.Collections.IObservableVector<String> GridData{ get; };
        Windows.Foundation.Collections.IObservableVector<String> FlowData{ get; };

    }
}
Code language: C++ (cpp)

.h中修改

构造函数去掉实现部分,只保留声明

增加三个私有属性,用来存储数据

增加三个方法,用来提供外面调用,如:ListData

#pragma once

#include "MainWindow.g.h"

namespace winrt::AppWinui::implementation
{
    struct MainWindow : MainWindowT<MainWindow>
    {

    private:
        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> m_listData;
        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> m_gridData;
        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> m_flowData;
    public:

        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> ListData();
        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> GridData();
        winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> FlowData();

        MainWindow();

        int32_t MyProperty();
        void MyProperty(int32_t value);
    };
}

namespace winrt::AppWinui::factory_implementation
{
    struct MainWindow : MainWindowT<MainWindow, implementation::MainWindow>
    {
    };
}
Code language: C++ (cpp)

.cpp 初始化数据源

#include "pch.h"
#include "MainWindow.xaml.h"
#if __has_include("MainWindow.g.cpp")
#include "MainWindow.g.cpp"
#endif

using namespace winrt;
using namespace Microsoft::UI::Xaml;

// To learn more about WinUI, the WinUI project structure,
// and more about our project templates, see: http://aka.ms/winui-project-info.

namespace winrt::AppWinui::implementation
{
    int32_t MainWindow::MyProperty()
    {
        throw hresult_not_implemented();
    }

    void MainWindow::MyProperty(int32_t /* value */)
    {
        throw hresult_not_implemented();
    }

    MainWindow::MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        m_listData = winrt::single_threaded_observable_vector<hstring>(
            { L"Alpha", L"Beta", L"Gamma" });

        m_gridData = winrt::single_threaded_observable_vector<hstring>(
            { L"Tile A", L"Tile B", L"Tile C", L"Tile D" });

        m_flowData = winrt::single_threaded_observable_vector<hstring>(
            { L"Flow Item 1", L"Flow Item 2", L"Flow Item 3" });
    }


    winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> MainWindow::ListData()
    {
        return m_listData;
    }

    winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> MainWindow::GridData()
    {
        return m_gridData;
    }

    winrt::Windows::Foundation::Collections::IObservableVector<hstring> MainWindow::FlowData()
    {
        return m_flowData;
    }
}

Code language: C++ (cpp)

在构造函数中,初始化数据源,给私有变量赋值,然后实现三个public函数,用来返回。

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