井字游戏（圈叉游戏）
下面我们来编写一个游戏，让两个人在计算机上玩井字游戏。
游戏是一个 3×3 的方格，两个人轮流在方格中输入标记 X 或 O，谁先使 3 个标记连成水平、垂直或者对角线，谁就是赢家。
实现思路：
- 使用三行三列的二维数组存储标记
- 玩家标识为 1 和 2，编号 1 的玩家先玩，轮流输入
- 用 1~9 标记九个格子，玩家输入方格数字
- 从方格数字计算行列索引：行 = (choice – 1) / 3，列 = (choice – 1) % 3
- 每次轮完后检查是否有玩家获胜
- 游戏在有人获胜或轮完 9 次后结束
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
int main(void)
{
int board[3][3] = {0}; /* 3x3棋盘，0表示空 */
int player = 1; /* 当前玩家 1或2 */
int choice = 0; /* 玩家选择 1-9 */
int row = 0, col = 0; /* 行列索引 */
int turns = 0; /* 已进行的回合数 */
int winner = 0; /* 获胜者 0表示无 */
printf("井字游戏 (Tic-Tac-Toe)\n");
printf("玩家1用 X，玩家2用 O\n");
printf("格子编号 1-9，布局如下：\n");
printf(" 1 | 2 | 3 \n");
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" 4 | 5 | 6 \n");
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" 7 | 8 | 9 \n\n");
while(turns < 9 && winner == 0)
{
/* 显示当前棋盘 */
printf("\n");
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[i][j] == 0)
printf(" ");
else if(board[i][j] == 1)
printf(" X ");
else
printf(" O ");
if(j < 2) printf("|");
}
printf("\n");
if(i < 2) printf("---+---+---\n");
}
/* 当前玩家输入 */
printf("\n玩家%d (%c) 请选择格子 (1-9): ",
player, player == 1 ? 'X' : 'O');
scanf("%d", &choice);
/* 验证输入 */
if(choice < 1 || choice > 9)
{
printf("无效选择，请选择1-9之间的数字！\n");
continue;
}
row = (choice - 1) / 3;
col = (choice - 1) % 3;
if(board[row][col] != 0)
{
printf("该格子已被占用，请重新选择！\n");
continue;
}
/* 放置标记 */
board[row][col] = player;
turns++;
/* 检查获胜 */
/* 检查行 */
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
if(board[i][0] == player && board[i][1] == player && board[i][2] == player)
winner = player;
}
/* 检查列 */
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[0][j] == player && board[1][j] == player && board[2][j] == player)
winner = player;
}
/* 检查对角线 */
if(board[0][0] == player && board[1][1] == player && board[2][2] == player)
winner = player;
if(board[0][2] == player && board[1][1] == player && board[2][0] == player)
winner = player;
/* 切换玩家 */
if(winner == 0)
player = (player == 1) ? 2 : 1;
}
/* 显示最终棋盘 */
printf("\n最终棋盘：\n");
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[i][j] == 0)
printf(" ");
else if(board[i][j] == 1)
printf(" X ");
else
printf(" O ");
if(j < 2) printf("|");
}
printf("\n");
if(i < 2) printf("---+---+---\n");
}
if(winner != 0)
printf("\n恭喜玩家%d (%c) 获胜！\n", winner, winner == 1 ? 'X' : 'O');
else
printf("\n平局！\n");
return 0;
}Code language: PHP (php)井字游戏（Tic-Tac-Toe）
步骤 1：添加主游戏循环和显示棋盘
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int player = 0; /* 当前玩家号码 1或者2 */
int winner = 0; /* 赢了的玩家号码 */
char board[3][3] = {
{'1','2','3'},
{'4','5','6'},
{'7','8','9'}
};
/* 至多需要输入九次 */
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < 9 && winner == 0; i++)
{
printf("\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[0][0], board[0][1], board[0][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[1][0], board[1][1], board[1][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[2][0], board[2][1], board[2][2]);
player = i % 2 + 1; /* 切换玩家 */
/* 玩家选择 */
}
/* 输出游戏结果 */
return 0;
}Code language: PHP (php)步骤 2：让玩家选择方格并验证有效性
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int player = 0; /* 当前玩家号码 1或者2 */
int winner = 0; /* 赢了的玩家号码 */
int choice = 0; /* 选择的方格标记 */
unsigned int row = 0; /* 行的索引 */
unsigned int column = 0; /* 列的索引 */
char board[3][3] = {
{'1','2','3'},
{'4','5','6'},
{'7','8','9'}
};
/* 至多需要输入九次 */
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < 9 && winner == 0; i++)
{
printf("\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[0][0], board[0][1], board[0][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[1][0], board[1][1], board[1][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[2][0], board[2][1], board[2][2]);
player = i % 2 + 1; /* 切换玩家 */
do
{
printf("玩家%d,请选择要填写的有效标记，之后在该标记会填充%c：", player, player == 1 ? 'X' : 'O');
scanf("%d", &choice);
row = --choice / 3;
column = choice % 3;
}
while(choice < 0 || choice > 8 || board[row][column] > '9'); /* board[row][column]>'9' 表示已经填充了X或者O */
board[row][column] = (player == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
}
/* 输出游戏结果 */
return 0;
}Code language: PHP (php)步骤 3：添加检查获胜逻辑
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int player = 0; /* 当前玩家号码 1或者2 */
int winner = 0; /* 赢了的玩家号码 */
int choice = 0; /* 选择的方格标记 */
unsigned int row = 0; /* 行的索引 */
unsigned int column = 0; /* 列的索引 */
char board[3][3] = {
{'1','2','3'},
{'4','5','6'},
{'7','8','9'}
};
/* 至多需要输入九次 */
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < 9 && winner == 0; i++)
{
printf("\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[0][0], board[0][1], board[0][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[1][0], board[1][1], board[1][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[2][0], board[2][1], board[2][2]);
player = i % 2 + 1; /* 切换玩家 */
do
{
printf("玩家%d,请选择要填写的有效标记，之后在该标记会填充%c：", player, player == 1 ? 'X' : 'O');
scanf("%d", &choice);
row = --choice / 3;
column = choice % 3;
}
while(choice < 0 || choice > 8 || board[row][column] > '9');
board[row][column] = (player == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
/* 检查有没有胜出 */
if((board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2])
||
(board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0]))
{
winner = player;
}
else
{
for(int i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
{
if((board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2])
||
(board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[2][i] == board[1][i]))
{
winner = player;
break;
}
}
}
}
/* 输出游戏结果 */
return 0;
}Code language: PHP (php)步骤 4：显示最终棋盘和比赛结果
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int player = 0; /* 当前玩家号码 1或者2 */
int winner = 0; /* 赢了的玩家号码 */
int choice = 0; /* 选择的方格标记 */
unsigned int row = 0; /* 行的索引 */
unsigned int column = 0; /* 列的索引 */
char board[3][3] =
{
{'1','2','3'},
{'4','5','6'},
{'7','8','9'}
};
/* 至多需要输入九次 */
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < 9 && winner == 0; i++)
{
printf("\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[0][0], board[0][1], board[0][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[1][0], board[1][1], board[1][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[2][0], board[2][1], board[2][2]);
player = i % 2 + 1; /* 切换玩家 */
do
{
printf("玩家%d,请选择要填写的有效标记，之后在该标记会填充%c：", player, player == 1 ? 'X' : 'O');
scanf("%d", &choice);
row = --choice / 3;
column = choice % 3;
}
while(choice < 0 || choice > 8 || board[row][column] > '9');
board[row][column] = (player == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
/* 检查有没有胜出 */
if((board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2])
||
(board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0]))
{
winner = player;
}
else
{
for(int i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
{
if((board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2])
||
(board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[2][i] == board[1][i]))
{
winner = player;
break;
}
}
}
}
/* 输出最终棋盘 */
printf("\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[0][0], board[0][1], board[0][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[1][0], board[1][1], board[1][2]);
printf("---+---+---\n");
printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[2][0], board[2][1], board[2][2]);
if(winner > 0)
{
printf("玩家%d赢了", player);
}
else
{
printf("本局平手");
}
return 0;
}Code language: PHP (php)